As I have discussed previously in the section on infections, toxoplasmosis can be transmitted by cats that are kept as much-loved pets. The parasitic infection is known to lead to miscarriage, premature labor, stillbirth, or birthdefects. However, its incidence is very rare—about 1 in 8000 in America today—and is a far less serious threat than is commonly thought. Most people have already picked up immunity to toxoplasmosis from living with household pets prior to their pregnancy.

It can only be transmitted if you handle the litter tray and come into direct contact with a cat’s feces. So, if you still have to empty the litter tray, wear rubber gloves. And if at all possible have someone else do the chore. Other household pets such as dogs, goldfish, birds, or even snakes do not transmit the infection. But it can be contracted from eating raw fish or meat.

You should be screened for previous exposure, to see if you have the antibodies, either before conception or when you receive a positive pregnancy test. If already pregnant and y ou are found to have the antibodies, then your pregnancy will be monitored very carefully. If the level of antibodies is very high, you will need to discuss with your doctor and your husband whether to continue with this pregnancy or to terminated it and treat the condition first.